Force Majeure and Hardship are commonly invoked in international trade when unforeseen events occur making performance impossible or impracticable. Most nationa

Drafting an international contract can be a risky business. Yet with the increasing globalization of markets, these cross-border contracts are becoming a common

Arbitration and jurisdiction agreements are frequently used in transnational commercial contracts to reduce risk, gain efficacy and acquire certainty and predic

Any practising lawyer and student working with international commercial contracts faces standardised contracts and international arbitration as mechanisms for d

Lawyers involved in international commercial transactions know well that unforeseen events affecting the performance of a party often arise. Not surprisingly, e