Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

Book excerpt: Can computers think? Can they use reason to develop their own concepts, solve complex problems, understand our languages? This updated edition of a comprehensive survey includes extensive new text on "Artificial Intelligence in the 21st Century," introducing deep neural networks, conceptual graphs, languages of thought, mental models, metacognition, economic prospects, and research toward human-level AI. Ideal for both lay readers and students of computer science, the original text features abundant illustrations, diagrams, and photographs as well as challenging exercises. Lucid, easy-to-read discussions examine problem-solving methods and representations, game playing, automated understanding of natural languages, heuristic search theory, robot systems, heuristic scene analysis, predicate-calculus theorem proving, automatic programming, and many other topics.