This book presents state of the art contributes to Simulated Annealing (SA) that is a well-known probabilistic meta-heuristic. It is used to solve discrete and

Some of the hardest computational problems have been successfully attacked through the use of probabilistic algorithms, which have an element of randomness to t

The process of developing predictive models includes many stages. Most resources focus on the modeling algorithms but neglect other critical aspects of the mode

The digital age is ripe with emerging advances and applications in technological innovations. Mimicking the structure of complex systems in nature can provide n