Advanced Approaches in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Secondary Complications

Book excerpt: As we know diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic endocrine disorder. According to the WHO and American Diabetes Mellitus, diabetes mellitus is the 3rd leading cause of death if we were to include all secondary complications. However without including secondary complications, it is 7th place in mortality and morbidity. The point to be considered in the case of diabetes mellitus is the secondary complications caused in this condition. Almost all organs affected by diabetes and results in a potentially worse condition. The major secondary complications are neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and diabetes foot microvascular and macrovascular complications. The long term complications grow slowly in the case of diabetes. As the time living with diabetes becomes longer, controlled glucose levels will be more difficult to achieve, meaning there there will be more long term complications. The aim of the current Research Topic on the secondary complications of diabetes and their management is to publish good quality research articles as well as reviews, which should address the management of diabetes, abnormalities of secondary complications and other disease involved in diabetes. Potential Topics includes but not restricted to: • Secondary complications of diabetes mellitus • Microvascular and macrovascular complications • The role of oxidative stress in the diabetes burden • New insights in glycemic control • New strategies/ approaches to manage secondary complications such as Stearoyl CoA dismutase, Acetyl CoA Carboxylase, Adiponectin/ Adipocyte complement-related protein 30, Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) Inhibitors • Recent development in the therapeutic approaches for glucose management such as Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitors, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibitors, β3- Adrenergic receptor agonist, Retinoid X receptor, PPARα agonist, AMP activated protein kinase • Development of new target as a target for antihyperglycemic drug designing