Diversity, Ecology, and Conservation of Truffle Fungi in Forests of the Pacific Northwest

Book excerpt: Forests of the Pacific Northwest have been an epicenter for the evolution of truffle fungi with over 350 truffle species and 55 genera currently identified. Truffle fungi develop their reproductive fruit-bodies typically below ground, so they are harder to find and study than mushrooms that fruit aboveground. Truffle fungi form mycorrhizal symbioses that benefit the growth and survival of many tree and understory plants. This report explores the biology and ecology of truffle fungi in the Pacific Northwest, their importance in forest ecosystems, and effects of various silvicultural practices on sustaining truffle populations. General management principles and considerations to sustain this valuable fungal resource are provided. Illustrations.