In the last two decades, spine instrumentation and surgery have undergone many improvements. The second edition benefits from contributions by renowned orthopae

Better understanding of biomechanics, improvements in technology, and new knowledge of the disease process in the spine have led to rapid advances in spinal ins

Spinal osteotomy techniques have been dramatically applied as a standard method for severe and rigid spinal deformity. Although clinical results indicate that p

Minimally invasive surgery has made tremendous strides in recent years, with exciting advances in instrumentation and techniques rapidly changing the scope of t

The quintessential guide to state-of-the-art instrumentation in minimally invasive spine surgery In recent decades, technological innovations in minimally invas