Design, Simulation, and Analysis of Reconfigurable Antennas in Gigahertz Regime

Book excerpt: This research focuses on the design and analysis of a reconfigurable antenna where the radiation pattern and its characteristics are altered in each operating state. Specifically three versions of the reconfigurable antenna have been designed, all made from the same materials. An industry standard simulation code is used for simulation and analysis. It is expected that each antenna design can be used for specific applications. The first antenna design is optimized for radiation. It has the same resonant frequency in each switching state, an S11 value of -50 dB, and a difference in the angle of more than 90 between each state. The second design is a modified version of the first antenna, and has very high directivity and gain values and with the highest angle between the radiation patterns between the states. The resonant frequency of the third reconfigurable structure is less than the previous two designs but it has a wider bandwidth. The antenna designs have applications in saving battery power, avoiding detectability and as a wide band radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna respectively.