The core of Aryabhata, Brahamgupta, Bhaskara II

Book excerpt: When Aryabhata writes 'Aryabhatiya' in 499 CE, it was the golden period of the Indian culture in every aspect of human activity, such as Economy, Science, Philosophy, Art, and standard of living. After this work, Aryabhata got the attention of his fallows & peers. And then he passes away when he teaching at Nalanda University (Patliputra/Patna). After his death various mathematicians along with his disciples write commentaries on his writings, to continue his legacy. There are more than 15 commentaries till the 1800s and many after that. And there are mathematicians like Varahmihira, Bhaskara I, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II, who continue his method of doing mathematics and astronomy. So, if there are various commentaries there, then what is the purpose of this manuscript. To answer this, I would like to put the attention to the point, that thou Aryabhatiya contains highly applicable and advanced mathematics. But it also contains a verity of advanced principal on astronomy and that is the case with its commentaries by learned mathematicians, which divert us to the subject (mathematics) to another subject (astronomy). So, there is a need for a manuscript, that can give a glance of mathematics. So this manuscript is presented to fulfill the requirement. And this manuscript connects the work of Aryabhata to Brahmagupta and Bhaskara II, and highlight the development of the concept of zero to the origin of infinity. It is the main attraction of this work. The manuscript is prepared by selecting the verses from Aryabhatiya (33 verses), BrahmaSphuthaSiddanta (7 verses) by Brahmagupta, and SiddhantaSiromani (3 verses) by Bhaskara II. The author pays his gratitude to previous work done by writers such as 'K.S. Shukla' for "Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata", 'W.E Clark' for "The Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata", ' Pt. Sudhakara Dvivedin' for "BrahmaSphutaSiddhanta", 'H.T. Colebrooke' for "Algebra of Brahmagupta & Bhaskara II" and 'Dr. V. B Panickar' for "Bhaskaracharya's Bijganitam". These are the main source of this manuscript along with others ( as given in the bibliography section). While I began this work, I find that there are two controversial verses in Aryabhataiya from Ganitam (mathematics) section, i.e., verse no.- 6 &7. I face difficulty and not satisfied with the translation by the previous commentators, who declare them mathematically wrong, by ignoring the last verse of Aryabhatiya (The curse of Aryabhata). And I did not dare to go against the warning of Aryabhata and put forward my translation to them. And this work connects these Gurus to modern mathematicians such as B. Riemann & G. Cantor in the last chapter. This is the main attraction of this work. I hope 'Readers' will find themself connected to that.